Saltwater boosts microbial electrolysis cells to cleanly produce hydrogen

Monday, September 19, 2011

A grain of salt or two may be all that microbial electrolysis cells need to produce hydrogen from wastewater or organic byproducts, without adding carbon dioxide to the atmosphere or using grid electricity, according to Penn State engineers.

"This system could produce hydrogen anyplace that there is wastewater near sea water," said Bruce E. Logan, Kappe Professor of Environmental Engineering. "It uses no grid electricity and is completely carbon neutral. It is an inexhaustible source of energy."

Microbial electrolysis cells that produce hydrogen are the basis of this recent work, but previously, to produce hydrogen, the fuel cells required some electrical input. Now, Logan, working with postdoctoral fellow Younggy Kim is using the difference between river water and seawater to add the extra energy needed to produce hydrogen.

Their results, published in today's (Sept. 19) issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, "show that pure hydrogen gas can efficiently be produced from virtually limitless supplies of seawater and river water and biodegradable organic matter."

Logan's cells were between 58 and 64 percent efficient and produced between 0.8 to 1.6 cubic meters of hydrogen for every cubic meter of liquid through the cell each day. The researchers estimated that only about 1 percent of the energy produced in the cell was needed to pump water through the system.

The key to these microbial electrolysis cells is reverse-electrodialysis or RED that extracts energy from the ionic differences between salt water and fresh water. A RED stack consists of alternating ion exchange membranes -- positive and negative -- with each RED contributing additively to the electrical output.

"People have proposed making electricity out of RED stacks," said Logan. "But you need so many membrane pairs and are trying to drive an unfavorable reaction."

For RED technology to hydrolyze water -- split it into hydrogen and oxygen -- requires 1.8 volts, which would in practice require about 25 pairs of membrane sand increase pumping resistance. However, combining RED technology with exoelectrogenic bacteria -- bacteria that consume organic material and produce an electric current -- reduced the number of RED stacks to five membrane pairs.

Previous work with microbial electrolysis cells showed that they could, by themselves, produce about 0.3 volts of electricity, but not the 0.414 volts needed to generate hydrogen in these fuel cells. Adding less than 0.2 volts of outside electricity released the hydrogen. Now, by incorporating 11 membranes -- five membrane pairs that produce about 0.5 volts -- the cells produce hydrogen.

"The added voltage that we need is a lot less than the 1.8 volts necessary to hydrolyze water," said Logan. "Biodegradable liquids and cellulose waste are abundant and with no energy in and hydrogen out we can get rid of wastewater and by-products. This could be an inexhaustible source of energy."

Logan and Kim's research used platinum as a catalyst on the cathode, but subsequent experimentation showed that a non-precious metal catalyst, molybdenum sulfide, had a 51 percent energy efficiency. The King Abdullah University of Science and Technology supported this work.

###

Penn State: http://live.psu.edu

Thanks to Penn State for this article.

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Source: http://www.labspaces.net/113496/Saltwater_boosts_microbial_electrolysis_cells_to_cleanly_produce_hydrogen

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What Is The Meaning Of Debt Relief? - Personal Finance Solution

Debt relief program can be any economic product or procedure that provides liberation from debt or aid in the method of eliminating it. Let?s see which alternatives in the financial industry offer debt relief:

As explained, there is no single financial result or procedure that provides debt relief. There are many another solutions to debt problems that are more or take away efficient according to the nature of the debts involved. Some of the solutions available are: Credit Counseling, Consolidation Loans, Debt Settlement, Money Management and last but not means least: Bankruptcy.

What is the exact meaning of debt settlement?

Debt resolution is a procedure with which the defaulter obtains aid from a manager or professional negotiator that agrees with his creditor?s new repayment programs, cuts on the exacting debts and better terms so as to make debt extra reasonably priced and easier to pay off. The method puts the debtor?s financial life in order but restricts the capability to obtain finance even with credit cards or personal loan products for a short time period. Once debt is settled the debtor?s credit score will start recovering slowly but successively.

Debt settlements process only work for unsecured sum unpaid debts like loans, credit cards, medical bills and department store cards. Unsecured debt is riskier for creditors because there is a chance that the creditor may not be able to collect all of the money owed, so they are willing to settle for a payment that is less than the balance rather than not be paid at all. Secured debts like cars and houses can be repossessed, so they cannot be settled.

Get online tax debt relief settlement. This is the best way for debtors who wants to pay taxes .

Settlements can either be negotiated by individuals or by professional companies. If a debtor selects to work with a company, then he or she wants to have saved a reasonable amount of money to pay as a lump sum payment or will require saving some money in a particular amount of time before the company can begin negotiations.

Debtors can work alone if they wish. When doing this it is finest to communicate with the creditor directly instead of with the collection organization. The debtor should do some research before make any agreements in order to get the best deal.

Source: http://feusab.com/?p=85912

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Stars rake in the swag as Emmy gift suites abound (AP)

LOS ANGELES ? Emmy nominees are always talented, and in the days leading up to the awards ceremony many are gifted, too.

Gift suites catering to Emmy nominees and presenters beckoned the stars, writers and producers of TV's top shows Saturday with loads of luxury freebies.

The stars who came by the Nokia Theatre to rehearse for Sunday's ceremony were invited backstage to the HP Touchsmart Gift Lounge, where HP gave away notebook computers and made a donation to the TV academy's nonprofit foundation for each celeb who stopped by.

Actor David Boreanaz of TV's "Bones" came to the suite with his family in the morning and was among the stars who collected bedazzled toasters, sneakers made from recycled plastic water bottles, designer sunglasses, Centrum vitamins, Nautica watches and a $700 hair dryer.

At the Four Seasons Hotel across town, the HBO Luxury Lounge was a crowded, multi-room affair that drew LL Cool J, Loretta Devine, who won an Emmy for her guest-starring role on "Grey's Anatomy," "Mad Men" creator Matthew Weiner and veteran actress Cloris Leachman, among others.

Guests could retreat to a mini spa, where L'Oreal provided manicures, makeovers, hairdos and hot shaves. They could sip cocktails inspired by HBO shows such as "True Blood" and "Boardwalk Empire" in the Klipsch listening lounge; and they could gather lots of goodies, from handbags to headphones to high-end baby strollers.

Among the offerings: UppaBaby's $680 Vista stroller (outfitted with shock absorbers and an organic bassinet with a pull-out sun shade); rare and red-carpet-ready blue diamonds from jeweler Sophia Fiori; Brahmin leather handbags (popular Saturday with actress Melissa Joan Hart and TV personality Samantha Harris); indestructible steel "True Blood" headphones by V-MODA; and vegan footwear from Michael Antonio Shoes.

Devine, who won her Emmy at last week's Creative Arts ceremony, was all smiles as she navigated the crowded suite. Other guests included Penny Marshall, actress Lorraine Bracco and "Entourage" star Jerry Ferrara.

More gifts were handed out in Hollywood at the GBK Tic-Tac Gift Lounge at the W Hotel. But the most coveted prizes won't be presented until Sunday, when the Emmys are awarded.

___

Online:

www.emmys.tv

___

AP Entertainment Writer Sandy Cohen can be reached at www.twitter.com/APSandy.

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/topstories/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20110918/ap_on_en_ot/us_emmy_countdown_gift_suites

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Insurance Center | Blog | Impact of Teen Drivers on my Umbrella ...

Livonia Umbrella PolicyThe premium on my personal umbrella liability insurance policy increased halfway through the policy term. My insurance agent says it?s because I added a teen driver. This doesn?t seem right since our son is a good student and is covered by our auto insurance policy.

Umbrella coverage works hand in hand with your auto and home insurance. For example, if you are in an auto accident and badly injure?or kill another, you can easily exhaust the bodily injury limits of your auto insurance policy. When that happens, your umbrella policy steps in and pays the extra expense you owe, up to the umbrella limit, which is usually $1 million.

As a group, teenagers have the greatest accident rate of any drivers, and auto accidents are principal cause of teen deaths.

Continue reading ?Impact of Teen Drivers on my Umbrella Policy? or contact us at?800-220-5582 to learn more about Livonia umbrella liability insurance

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If you want your post to be removed please use our contact form and allow up to 14 days of response, as I am usually traveling a lot.

Source: http://www.insurance-center.org/general/impact-of-teen-drivers-on-my-umbrella-policy/

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Alghero's Blog For Food and Drink

One of the reasons the hobby of home brewing is so popular is that you are not just taking up a pastime, you are becoming part of a closely knit society of home brewing that has its own culture, language and social structure that is unique to brewers alone. ?Of course, the social aspect of drinking beer is well known.? The infrastructure of pubs and bars that offers to patrons a place of comfort, friendship, fun and relaxation is about a lot more than just tipping back a delicious drink,.? It is a part of our social fabric that goes back to revolutionary times when our most important documents were hashed out over a beer.? And the importance of sharing a beer is just as powerful today as we all enjoyed thinking about that bar where ?everybody knows your name? called Cheers.So just as the social aspect of enjoying a beer with others is strong and well entrenched in our culture, so too is the art of making beer a deeply rooted part of society that goes back generations.? That popularity has regular revivals and we are seeing a surge of interest in brewing today as all over the country brew pubs are springing up around delicious home grown beers that in many cases are far better than the mass produced beers that are heavily advertised during the Super Bowl.This well developed and sophisticated brewing subculture not only will be of great help to you as you start to learn about becoming a home brewer yourself, it will become a society that is a lot of fun to be part of and where you may make friends for life as you share with others your love of making your own beer.? In America the grass roots level subculture of home brewing is growing fast.? This is no small concern to the big retail brewers who cannot possibly make the quality and rich kinds of beers that can be made at the local level.? But this is a natural evolution as we follow our cousins in the UK where keg beers made locally dominate the world of beer consumption in a culture where pubs are a central part of the fabric of society.|||One reason home brewing has such an appeal is the tremendous diversity of beers you can produce and the control you have over flavor, consistency and alcohol levels.? In most cases, once you have your basic equipment for brewing beer, it is cheaper to make your own beer.? And there is something satisfying about brewing up a big batch of beer to put back to ferment as you enjoy a five gallon batch you made last month.? Beer brewers can become quite obsessed with flavor, color and ?punch? and always be looking for new ways to become better at this fun and interesting hobby.Whatever level of involvement in beer making appeals to you, you can probably find new friends in the beer brewing society that you can share your hobby with.? There are beer brewing radio stations and ham radio channels devoted to helping amateur brewers share their secret recopies and solve each other?s problems.? And there are home made beer competitions with beer kits that can really put some challenge that all on you to make that blue ribbon beer that rally makes the judges sit up and take notice. We recommend the Coopers Beer Kits for novice users.So as you find yourself getting more and more enthusiastic and ?caught up? in the fun of home brewing, don?t be embarrassed by that because you can find a diverse assortment of other beer making enthusiasts to share your hobby with.? So have fun, make friends, make good beer and above all, share your beer and your knowledge with others.? Because beer is about more than good drink. It?s about good times with good people as well.

Source: http://algheroffroad.com/?p=2728

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Home Business Network Marketing: Avoid These Top Money ...

Have you started a home business doing network marketing that you are trying to build, but you don?t have a tremendously large budget with which to work? If this sounds like you, you are not alone. In fact, you are in the majority.

So you want to avoid wasting money (or spending money you don?t need to spend) as you?re working to build the business. When I say ?wasting? money, I don?t mean that you are spending money frivolously. I mean that without knowing some of the ?insider ins and outs? of online marketing, you can be misled into thinking you need to spend money on things certain things to build your business that you don?t.

I call these ?money-sucking mistakes.? They are things that drain your bank account without doing anything to build your business. If you can avoid these mistakes, you can avoid the fate of so many home business owners in network marketing, i.e., that you go broke before your business can get off the ground.

So here are some money-sucking mistakes you want to avoid.

When it comes to home business network marketing, your strategy should be to not invest too much money into your business until you?re making some money. I know this sounds either a bit silly or a bit confusing to many. If you?re not investing into your business, how can you build it? Let me elaborate on this?

As your profits go up, you can invest more money into your home business and your network marketing business. Until then, start conservatively. It defeats the purpose of starting the business to put yourself into debt ?building? your business.

So let?s go through some of these money-sucking mistakes?

Money-Sucking Mistake #1: First, and this is a BIG money-sucking mistake, do not think you need to buy ANYTHING from your company in order to build a home business in network marketing.

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Terry Duff -
About the Author:

Terry Duff is a well respected home based business training specialist and business builder himself. He has grown several different home based business using the same ?underground? techniques that he shares in his highly sought after free reports. To claim your free copy of ?How To Create Your First 6 Figure Month In Network Marketing? head on over right now to http://www.RecruitFaster.com ? To date, he has helped more than 100,000 home based business owners in more than 30 countries.


Source: http://joyinhomework.com/Leads/blog/home-business-network-marketing-avoid-these-top-money-sucking-mistakes/

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Virtual Assistant Services in Internet marketing Are in High Need ...

Offer Virtual Assistant Services in Internet marketing To Build A Thriving Work from home business.

There is no lack of businesses needing Internet marketing va services and the need will grow as the World wide web grows. Because you really are a business owner, and some sort of virtual assistant, you know how important it can be to build an on-line presence and become visible to as many potential business owners in as many places on-line as you can. VAs who have skills and expertise with on-line marketing can picture this specialty as one of their virtual assistant services.

All businesses these days do a business on-line and everyone needs a web site regardless of their type of business. The Internet is growing everyday with businesses which happen to have virtual stores, forums and online web 2 . 0. Businesses these days go online to find out important information about their target markets and see what their customers are talking about so as to tailor their advertising efforts to their market?s desires. This creates an extensive need for assistants who?ll specialize in providing services in Website marketing.

Is there a sector for virtual assistant services in net marketing and advertising?

All businesses these times need experience in internet marketing their business effectively online. They would like to reach as several potential customers on-line as they can in order to promote their merchandise and services.

Potential customers must be ready to find you on-line or they are going to buy from someone altogether different. Creating and implementing an Website marketing plan takes time and expertise that a lot of business owners merely wouldn?t have the time or expertise to pull together.

There are no easy shortcuts to Web marketing success and many people who run businesses waste precious time using a trial and error method to determine what works. With the help of a virtual assistant with experience in Web marketing, this process can be made much easier.

VAs who can function as Internet marketing experts will be in high demand now. You take the strain off companies, large together with small, that need to concentrate on their product or service. It?s your job to draw in the traffic to their own site and help customers discover their services or products.

Here are some services businesses can easily outsource to an experienced Web marketing VA:

• Article marketing and advertising
• Pay per click advertising (PPC)
• Search engine optimization (SEO)
• Email campaigns
• Direct mailing marketing campaign
• Keyword analysis
• Web 2 . 0
• Link building

While some business professionals might know how they want you to enhance their business online, many others may have no clue what they need or what you?ll be able to do for them. It takes both information and marketing tools to effectively boost the visibility of a online business. For the business owner who doesn?t have time for you to explore and learn Internet marketing, the virtual assistants web marketer (that?s you) already possesses the expertise and can hit the ground running which has a marketing plan to win back their business found online.

There?s numerous virtual services you will offer in Internet marketing and you simply don?t have to focus on every one. You may choose to become an expert in email promotions, search engine optimization or social networking. You can specialize in the sub-niches of Web marketing and advertising and differentiate yourself out of your competitors, while building a thriving home based business.

Source: http://www.petropar.com/2011/09/16/virtual-assistant-services-in-internet-marketing-are-in-high-need-today/

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China banks tackle bad service, long waits for more deposits (Reuters)

BEIJING (Reuters) ? Tang Jianhui is a patient bank customer, though he won't stick it out if he has to wait more than an hour, as he sometimes does.

"That's the limit," the 30-something restaurant manager says, describing a normal queue of half an hour to 45 minutes at his local branch.

Ranita Rao, a Chinese office worker in Beijing, has had it even worse. She has waited almost two hours to make a withdrawal at her local bank because the amount she wanted to withdraw was more than ATMs would allow.

"They give you a number and you just have to wait," says Rao, 28, who once had to take time off from work to make a mortgage payment that her bank unexpectedly changed . "I always take my iPod."

Tang and Rao are hardly alone in spending too much of their lives in bank lines. China's lenders have long been notorious for lengthy waits, byzantine paperwork, and sullen service.

To the joy of Chinese citizens, the days of poor customer relations at mainland banks may be ending, albeit slowly.

Due to continued financial tightening that China has used to fight persistent inflation, banks are hungrily looking to attract new depositors and customers - and that means improving the way they're treated when entering a branch.

China's banking market is vast, with about 202,000 branches across the nation of 1.34 billion people, and holding some $6 trillion in assets. Yet the country's banking landscape has long been dominated by a few banks that, on the whole, paid little attention to customer service.

THE LONG WAIT

China's Big Four lenders - Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (1398.HK) (601398.SS), China Construction Bank (0939.HK) (601939.SS), Agricultural Bank of China (1288.HK) (601288.SS) and Bank of China (3988.HK) (601988.SS) - have long had such a dominant position of guaranteed business that for decades they had little need to cater to customers' satisfaction.

And that means they could afford to make people line up. "In China, the more successful you are, the longer you make people wait," says Emmanuel Daniel, founder of The Asian Banker, a financial consultancy.

Since the beginning of the year the People's Bank of China has raised interest rates three times, and increased required reserves for banks six times, hoping to lock up cash that banks would otherwise lend.

Such moves are squeezing banks' ability to extend loans, with some realizing that one way to address that is by bringing in more depositors by improving the banking experience.

"Chinese banks can't compete on price," says analyst Mike Werner of Sanford Bernstein, since interest rates are capped by the government - 3.5 percent on benchmark one-year deposits. "So banks are much more willing to put investments into making their place a more attractive place for depositors."

These days banks are sprucing up their lobbies, offering more wealth management, credit card and investment banking services, and building out their mobile and Internet banking capabilities.

Many are adopting VIP services such as separate receptions with coffee and tea - and short waits in plush chairs.

China Minsheng Bank is even offering private jets and specialized medical services, though the initiative is aimed at what it calls its "super-high-end customers."

ICBC has invested billions of yuan on renovating and upgrading facilities, and setting up 224 wealth management centers and 4,339 VIP banking locations. Like many Chinese banks recently, ICBC is emphasizing electronic banking - the Internet banking users of ICBC alone, at 70 million people, would be equivalent to the 19th-largest country on the planet.

"We are continuing to establish and improve our customer service, especially our front-line staff and education through case studies, remote instruction, third-party training" and other resources, the bank said in a written response to queries on customer service.

Tianjin-based Bohai Bank, a five-year old institution, targets two customer bases: young people and small- and medium-size enterprise owners.

"What do they want? What experience do they need?" asked Brenda Wong, Bohai's deputy chief executive. "We have very few branches, so we focused on developing our Internet and mobile phone banking. Seventy to 80 percent of our customers can do self-service banking this way."

BLACK FRIDAYS...AND MONDAYS

But for the masses, at times little seems to have changed.

On a Friday visit to the Bank of China's bustling branch at Xidan, a busy shopping district in Beijing, customers received numbered tickets showing how many people were in line ahead of them.

One ticket said 21 people. As customers shuffled through sheets and sheets of paperwork, the numbers changed only every four or five minutes, indicating a wait of at least an hour and 20 minutes. Asked if the wait was always this long, a bank attendant said, "Yes, on 'Black Fridays' as we call them," because of the crush of customers. "And on 'Black Mondays'."

A woman visiting from Chibi city in Hubei province who had been waiting for 30 minutes said that when she first arrived, half the tellers were at lunch. She noted that this branch was better than others.

"We're used to waiting," she said. "You can't do anything about it."

Chinese banks give only one debit/ATM card per account. One Bank of China customer, who had lost her debit card, was told to pay 15 yuan and wait two weeks for her replacement card - during which time she would not have access to her money.

Bank of China declined several requests to respond to questions about its customer service. But one mid-level manager at the bank acknowledged that customer satisfaction has not been much on the radar until recently.

"Ten years ago, there were hardly any banks in Beijing besides the big state-owned banks like us so we didn't need to think much about customer service. People had to come to us ," the Bank of China manager said, who did not want to be named. "Now, you're seeing provincial lenders like Anhui Bank, and municipal banks like Bank of Dalian coming to Beijing, far from their home markets."

One institution that has bucked the trend is China Merchant's Bank (3968.HK) (600036.SS), a much smaller group than the state-run behemoths, with a market capitalization of $41.5 billion compared with ICBC's $227 billion. China Merchants has 800-plus branches, while ICBC has more than 16,000.

China Merchants consistently tops bank customer satisfaction rankings , coming in

No.1 among Chinese banks in 2009, 2010 and 2011, according to surveys by J.D. Power. The Big Four banks didn't

even figure in the top 10 in any of those years.

China Merchants, established in 1987 as the country's first private bank, says it put emphasis into customer service starting in the 1990s because it could not count on government support in hard times, as did state-owned lenders.

"So we have to depend on customer service to attract clients and market share," says Qin Jizhang, director of China Merchants' Service Management Center.

OLDER CROWDS

For the Beijing operation of ICBC, the world's largest bank by market capitalization, the bank has won a number of contracts for certain domestic services. Among the examples: salaries for employees of many state-owned enterprises are direct-deposited through ICBC , and traffic fines are routed through the bank.

Government payments to retirees in Beijing are also made through ICBC.

"So around the 15th of any month, you see crowds of older people lining up from early morning to get their pension payouts," says Tang, the restaurant manager who won't wait an hour. "There are just lots of people. They can't help it."

China's Big Four banks hold more than half of the country's personal bank deposits, a fact that plays a major role on the issue of chronic crowding.

"You tend to be more comfortable giving your money to a state-owned bank which has the implicit backing of the government," says Sanford's Werner. "But let's be honest: they're state-owned entities. They're not going to be the ones driving customer service innovation."

(Reporting by Terril Yue Jones; Editing by Muralikumar Anatharaman and Michael Flaherty)

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/asia/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20110915/bs_nm/us_china_banks

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After School Activities Ideas: Organized Activities Can be the Charm ...

While it?s great to spend quality time together after school engaging in activities that are fun, educational and rewarding, sometimes this just doesn?t work. Either the kids are really insistent on wanting to take part in organized activities or work schedules just don?t mesh for afternoons to be filled with at-home fun. Whatever the case, organized activities can provide an incredible way to make sure they?re busy and gaining something out of the experience. Just about any organized activity out there for younger children can prove beneficial not only for helping them express their interests, but also in teaching them valuable life lessons.

Some of the more popular options for after-school fun in an organized manner include:

? Sporting activities
T-ball, softball, basketball, football and other similar sports can help youngsters get active and stay that way. They can also help them learn about playing by the rules and teach them to work as part of a team. In addition, sports can be an incredible self-esteem booster and also help with socialization skills. Just make sure the child really is keen on the sport in question before diving in headlong.

? Scouting
Brownies, Cub Scouts and other similar activities can be incredibly beneficial for young children. Organizations like this can expose youngsters to a number of different areas of interest while teaching them the importance of responsibility, team work and preparation. Scouting won?t necessarily take up every night of the week, but it can become a big part of a youngster?s life that will carry forward for years to come.

? Classes
Art, music, karate and dance classes can also serve youngsters very well. These types of pursuits will help them learn goal-setting, self-discipline and the importance of practice and patience. In some cases, recitals can even assist them in learning how to deal with public speaking or performance situations.

? Clubs
After-school clubs, religious clubs and other organized group type programs can provide the perfect after-school solution for some youngsters. These organizations can help children explore their interests while giving them a chance to socialize and have fun.

Keeping youngsters busy after school doesn?t have to be as hard as it sounds. There are plenty of opportunities out there to help them explore who they are, what they might like to do and the world around them. In most cases, the activities involves are a whole lot of fun ? so much so they might not notice they are learning valuable life lessons as they take part.

Just remember when picking activities to keep the child?s interests, age levels and abilities in mind. It?s great to help them explore new things, but pigeonholing them into a pursuit they don?t necessarily enjoy might backfire on you.

All in all, younger, school-age children are fairly easy to keep engaged after school. Preteens and teens, however, can present a whole different set of challenges. Get them started in activities they like when they?re younger, however, and the problems might solve themselves before they even get started!

Related posts:

  1. After School Activities for Teenagers: ORGANIZED ACTIVITIES
  2. After School Activities Selectiong Tips
  3. Why After School Activities are Important
  4. After School Activities Ideas: Educational Activities that are Actually Fun
  5. After School Activities Ideas: Creative Expression
  6. After School Activities for Teenagers
  7. After School Activities Ideas: Introducing the Spirit of Volunteerism
  8. After School Activities and Your Children
  9. After School Activities for Teenagers: VOLUNTEERING
  10. What to Consider Before Selecting After School Activities For Your Child
  11. After School Activities Ideas: How to Get Something Beneficial out of Television Time Together
  12. After School Activities for the Whole Family
  13. After School Activities Ideas: THE POWER OF IMAGINATION
  14. Team Building Ideas And Activities
  15. The Pros And Cons Of Public School

Source: http://www.e-self-help.com/after-school-activities-ideas-organized-activities-can-be-the-charm/

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colon cancer? | Irritable Bowel Syndrome Symptom

  • No but you might be eating wrong. Go see the doctor if you are worried.

  • It?s prob constipation, and colon cancer is something you check for once your 50 + don?t worry :) ?.but if you check this website?it tells you everything in detail?.i?ll paste it here:)

    Symptoms

    Constipation

    Constipation, having a bowel movement less than three times a week, can be your body?s way of suggesting that you make some minor adjustments in diet or exercise. However, constipation can also be a symptom of a colon cancer. In the beginning of the colon, waste material is slushy and can easily maneuver around anything that gets in its way. But as it nears the end of the colon, stool solidifies and is less forgiving of obstacles. A tumor in the rectum or far end of the colon can make it very difficult for waste to get by, thereby causing constipation.
    Thin Stool

    Once stool is no longer in its slushy phase and begins to take shape, how it looks when it leaves your body can provide clues to what?s going on inside. For example, thin stool can sometimes indicate that your waste squeezed by some sort of obstacle on its way out. In the case of colon or rectal cancer, that obstacle would be a tumor in the latter part of the colon or the rectum.Stomach Cramps

    Sometimes a tumor causes a bowel obstruction, which is basically a road block in your colon. Depending on the severity of the blockage, solids, liquids, and even gas may be prevented from passing by. This leads to abdominal cramps that can be severe, especially if the blockage restricts blood flow to the colon. Painful cramps may also indicate that a tumor has perforated (poked through) the bowel wall; bowel perforation is a medical emergency.

    Bright Red Blood in Your Stool

    Tumors tend to bleed ? not a whole lot and not constantly, but they do bleed. As a result, some of that blood may show up in your stool. If the tumor is in the beginning of the colon, the blood will most likely be dry and virtually invisible by the time the waste leaves your body. However, if the tumor is in the rectum or toward the end of the colon, it may still be fresh and therefore, bright red.

    Unexplained Weight Loss

    Many of us wouldn?t want to question unexplained weight loss. We?d just be happy to be losing weight! But unfortunately, effortless weight loss is generally a sign that something is wrong. In the case of colon cancer, unexplained weight loss can be a sign that a tumor is stealing the nutrients intended for your body.

    Sense of Fullness

    A tumor that grows toward the end of the colon or in the rectum may cause a sense of fullness. This is because your body senses that there?s something else hanging around by its exit. What it doesn?t know is that it?s a tumor and it?s attached, so it isn?t going anywhere. It basically sees the tumor as a stubborn piece of waste, so you get that "I still have to go" sensation that can?t be relieved.

    Nausea and Vomiting

    The occurrence of nausea and vomiting alone, without other symptoms, is unlikely an indication of colon cancer. There are lots of reasons for feeling sick and throwing up. Potentially cancer-related ones include pain, poor blood flow, and constipation. For example, a tumor that?s large enough to cause a bowel obstruction may lead to constipation, restrict blood flow, and cause painful abdominal cramping. Any one or all three of these underlying colon cancer symptoms can result in nausea or vomiting.

    Gas and Bloating

    A pattern of gas and bloating may be an indication that a tumor is growing in the colon and occasionally causing a blockage. Even if the tumor isn?t large enough to cause a bowel obstruction on its own, stool may periodically get hung up on the tumor while it?s passing by, causing a temporary obstruction. While your bowel is blocked and air is trapped, you?ll be bloated. When the blockage resolves itself, all that air will need somewhere to go and you?ll be gassy.

    Lethargy

    Sometimes the presence of a tumor causes iron deficiency anemia, a condition that can cause you to feel extremely tired (lethargic). Tumors tend to bleed, which results in a loss of iron ? an element that transports oxygen to your cells. This symptom is characteristic of tumors in the beginning of the colon. Since it?s pretty roomy there, tumors can get fairly big and bleed a lot before causing any other colon cancer symptoms. The blood usually dries before leaving the body, too, which also allows the bleeding to go unnoticed.

    The Bottom Line

    Even though you have an idea of what to look out for, it?s important to remember that a tumor can grow for years before causing any colon cancer symptoms. In addition, all of these symptoms are very poor predictors in and of themselves.

  • Kate ? Listen to Shika?also remember that you need to tell someone and get checked out because, this symptom is a symptom of many other things. And you want to get treated if there is a problem and not ignore it. If ignored?little problems tend to become big problems.

  • Source: http://irritablebowelsyndromesymptom.org/colon-cancer-4/1174/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=colon-cancer-4

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